Design of Nanofluid-Based Spring Water/Tap Water and Nanoparticles of Fe2O3/ZnO as a Coolant for the Engines

In this work, an experimental system was established to measure the heat transfer characteristics, including coefficient, overall transfer, Nusselt number, and thermal conductivity. The investigation focused on spring water tap water-based nanofluids containing Fe2O3 ZnO nanoparticles with particle sizes of 50 nm 70 nm, respectively. experiments were conducted inside automobile engine, studying effects varying nanoparticle volume fractions at a constant temperature. concentration in respective based fluids verified between 0.02 % 0.08 v/v 0.01 0.07 %, is not so far used previous studies much more available Kurdistan region. Reynolds numbers engine considered 1000 8000 different range as that literature review. analogy for momentum has been employed study. It observed thermo-physio-mechanical properties increased increase number. However, friction factor decreased increasing number but nanoparticles. Generally, results showed enhancement effective reached 46%, coefficient 39%, conductivity 21.35% 38%. 0.08% fraction Fe2O3/spring nanofluid. Based all parameters estimated, designed study could be classified workable nanofluid many industry applications